Professor Longhair - ‘Big Chief’ 1964 (purchase)
“The song refers to Mardi Gras Indian groups; an important part of the African American Mardi Gras tradition. The “Indian Nation” of Mardi Gras Indian “gangs” in New Orleans includes the Wild Magnolias, the Golden Eagles, and several others. Mardi Gras Indian gangs have existed since the early 20th Century. Each gang performs its own original songs and dances on Mardi Gras Day, on “Super Sunday”(the Sunday before St. Patricks Day) and at other functions in the community. The “Big Chief,” the “Spy Boy,” the “Flag Boy” and several other roles or offices are important to the Mardi Gras Indian tradition of “masking” (parading through the street in full costume). These characters are mentioned in Earl King’s song, as well as many other songs which have come out of New Orleans.
According to tradition, the African Americans in New Orleans who first formed “Indian gangs” did so as a tribute to the Native American tribes in the area who took in runaway slaves in the pre-Civil War era. Mardi Gras Indians wear elaborate, hand made costumes which feature massive feather headresses and intricate bead work.”